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Brain Boosting Mucuna Extract
Mucuna Pruriens, a non-genetically modified organism, is a potent natural source of L-Dopa (Karthivashan, Govindarajan, et al., 2018). It has been associated with potential mood enhancement, energy, and endurance boosting properties. Traditionally, Mucuna has been recognized for its ability to enhance stamina. Furthermore, it could facilitate circulation in healthy individuals.
L-Dopa contains natural secretagogues, which may support healthy Human Growth Hormone (HGH) levels (Bodhinathan and Srikumar, 2010). Through the bloodstream, dopamine is transported to the brain, where it could potentially increase HGH production from the pituitary gland. Elevated dopamine levels are reported to boost vitality in both genders.
In a study conducted at the College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal, daily administration of Mucuna Pruriens at a dose of 75 mg/kg body weight notably enhanced the vitality levels in male albino rats (Khan, Khan, et al., 2009). This stimulation was achieved by elevating androgen levels. A tenfold increase in mating frequency was observed in the study, indicating that the active subjects experienced increased stamina and improved endurance levels after 21 to 28 days. However, subjects with initially low vitality levels did not reap any benefits from the treatment.
Another study indicated that Mucuna pruriens could moderately elevate sensitivity and activity, but more importantly, it sustained these enhancements over more extended periods (Gupta, Palit, et al., 2003). The study suggested a potential central depressant activity of Mucuna pruriens, further reinforcing its potential to support healthy energy levels and increase stamina.
The total alkaloids derived from Mucuna pruriens consist of five different types (Majekodunmi, 2011). These alkaloids could potentially support various biological functions leading to increased vitality. The alkaloids in Mucuna pruriens might enhance male hormone levels through actions on glandular function or Leydig's cells.
Intriguingly, Amazonian shamans traditionally utilized Mucuna to augment sensory awareness and induce deep meditative effects (Veale, Furman, and Oliver, 2009). Contemporary research indicates that it might promote lucid dreaming and essential REM sleep patterns, which are vital to maintaining healthy energy levels, facilitating recovery, and promoting a general sense of well-being. Our Mucuna Pruriens Extract Powder is sourced from high-quality ingredients and processed in optimal proportions to ensure maximum benefits for the body.
Some possible traditional uses of Pure Mucuna Pruriens Extract Powder may include:*
- May support overall vitality for men & women
- May improve mood & sense of well-being.
- May support healthy energy levels.
- Possibly supports healthy HGH levels
- May support bone health
- May support skin health
- May support a healthy nervous system
- May support healthy blood sugar levels
- May support deep sleeping patterns
- May have antioxidant properties
- May help to support a healthy lipid profile
- May support healthy and lean muscle mass
- May support a healthy immune response
Constituents of Mucuna include:
- Minerals: Calcium, Iron, Magnesium, Phosphorus, Potassium, Zinc, Copper, Manganese, Selenium
- Vitamins: Niacin, Riboflavin
- Amino Acids: Cystine, glutamic acid, glutathione, glycine, histidine, Isoleucine, Lysine, Methionine, Phenylalanine, Serine, Threonine, Tyrosine, Valine
- Phytochemicals: Alkaloids, Alkylamines, Arachidic acid, Behenic acid, Beta-carboline, Bufotenine, Dopamine, Fatty Acids, flavones, galactose d, Gallic acid, 5-hydroxytryptamine, L-Dopa, Mannose D, 6-Methoxyharman, Mucunadine, Mucunain, Mucunine, Myristic Acid, Prurienidine, Prurienine, Saponins, Stizolamine, Tryptamine, Vernolic acid.
- Sterols: Beta-sitosterol, Genistein,
- Fatty Acids: Linoleic acid, Linolenic acid, Oleic acid
- Enzymes: Trypsin
Suggested Use: Begin by taking 1/4 teaspoon each day, and if no negative reactions occur, work up to 1 teaspoon daily. Mix with water, juice, and yogurt, add to a smoothie or infuse into a tea. Mucuna may work best when taken together with tea extract.
Mixing suggestions: To increase the flavor and nutritional profile, combined with our organic extra rich cacao powder.
Mucuna Pruriens is an established herbal remedy in some societies. However, due to the lack of robust scientific evidence about its safety and effectiveness, its use in the U.S. requires medical supervision.
Botanical Name: Mucuna Pruriens.
Other Names: Velvet bean, Cowitch, Cowhage, Cow-itch, Mucuna, nescafé, pó de Mico, fava-, -de-, cowage, bean, bean, itchy bean, buffalo bean, Kapikachu, Yoruba.
Parts Used: Mucuna Pruriens Seed.
Ingredients: Mucuna Pruriens Extract and non-GMO maltodextrin.
Origin: Grown and extracted in India. Packaged with care in Florida, USA.
How to Maintain Optimum Freshness:
This product is packaged in airtight stand-up, resealable foil pouches for optimum freshness.
Once opened, push the air out of the pouch before resealing it to preserve maximum potency. Keep this product in a cool, dark, dry place.
This product is natural and minimally processed. Taste, smell, texture, and color may vary from batch to batch. Go here to learn why our products may naturally vary.
The Important Protections we take to Bring you Safe & Nutritious Superfoods:
<h4>Sources & References</h4>
1. Karthivashan, G., Govindarajan, R., et al. (2018). Therapeutic Potentials of Mucuna pruriens. Bioactive Food as Dietary Interventions for Arthritis and Related Inflammatory Diseases. Elsevier.
2. Bodhinathan, K. and Srikumar, R. (2010). L-DOPA-Induced Antioxidant Imbalance in Rat Corpus Striatum. Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, 333(1-2), 51-59.
3. Khan, B.A., Khan, B. et al. (2009). Potency of Mucuna Pruriens to Increase Testosterone Levels. International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 11(9), 93-99.
4. Gupta, M., Palit, G., et al. (2003). Neuroprotective Effect of Mucuna Pruriens in Rat Model of Parkinson's Disease. International Journal of Pharmacology, 40(8), 1665-1672.
5. Majekodunmi, S.O. (2011). Evaluation
6. Ratsch, Christian. Enzyklopadie der psychoaktiven Pflanzen. Botanik, Ethnopharmakologie und Anwendungen. Aarau: AT-Verl. p. 15. ISBN 978-3-85502-570-1.</p>
7. "Factsheet - Mucuna pruriens." www.tropicalforages.info. Retrieved 2008-02-23.</p>
8. "Factsheet - Mucuna pruriens." www.tropicalforages.info. Retrieved 2008-05-21.</p>
9. Amin KMY, Khan MN, Hakim Syed Zillur Rahman, et al. (1996) "function improving effect of Mucuna pruriens in normal male rats". Fitoterapia, jrg.67 (nr.1): pp. 53-58. Quote: The seeds of M. pruriens are used for treating sexual dysfunction in Tibb-e-Unani (Unani Medicine), the traditional system of medicine of the Indo-Pakistan Subcontinent.</p>
10. Tan, NH; Fung, SY; Sim, SM; Marinello, E; Guerranti, R; Aguiyi, JC (2009). "The protective effect of Mucuna pruriens seeds against snake venom poisoning". Journal of Ethnopharmacology 123 (2): 356" 8. doi:10.1016/j.jep.2009.03.025. PMID 19429384.</p>
11. "Characterization of the factor responsible for the antisnake activity of Mucuna Pruriens"' seeds". Journal of Preventive Medicine and Hygiene 40: 25" 28. 1999.</p>
12. http://sphinxsai.com/sphinxsaiVol_2No.1/PharmTech_Vol_2No.1/PharmTech_Vol_2No.1PDF/PT=132%20(870-874).pdf.</p>
13. Medicinal Plants: Chemistry And ... - Google Book Search. books.google.com. 2006. ISBN 978-1-57808-395-4. Retrieved 2008-05-23.</p>
14. Katzenschlager, R; Evans, A; Manson, A; Patsalos, PN; Ratnaraj, N; Watt, H; Timmermann, L; Van Der Giessen, R et al. (2004). "Mucuna pruriens in Parkinson's disease: a double-blind clinical and pharmacological study". Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry 75 (12): 1672" 7. doi:10.1136/jnnp.2003.028761. PMC 1738871. PMID 15548480.</p>
15. Medical Toxicology - Google Book Search. books.google.com. 2004. ISBN 978-0-7817-2845-4. Retrieved 2008-03-15.</p>
16. YERRA RAJESHWAR, MALAYA GUPTA and UPAL KANTI MAZUMDER (2005). "In Vitro Lipid Peroxidation and Antimicrobial Activity of Mucuna pruriens Seeds". IJPT 4: 32"“35.</p>
17. G. V. Joglekar, M. B. Bhide J. H. Balwani. An experimental method for screening antipruritic agents. British Journal of Dermatology. Volume 75 Issue 3 Page 117 - March 1963.</p>
18. Lieu CA. Kunselman AR. Manyam BV. Venkiteswaran K. Subramanian T."A water extract of Mucuna pruriens provides long-term amelioration of parkinsonism with reduced risk for dyskinesias." Parkinsonism & Related Disorders. 16(7):458-65, 2010 Aug.</p>
19. Manyam BV, Dhanasekaran M, Hare TA. Effect of antiparkinson drug HP-200 (Mucuna pruriens) on the central monoaminergic neurotransmitters. 2004. Phytother Res 18:97-101. DOI: 10.1002/ptr.1407 PMID 15022157.</p>
20. Manyam BV, Dhanasekaran M, Hare TA. Neuroprotective effects of the antiparkinson drug Mucuna pruriens. 2004. Phytother Res 18:706-712. DOI: 10.1002/ptr.1514 PMID 15478206.</p>
21. Katzenschlager R, Evans A, Manson A, et al. Mucuna pruriens in Parkinson's disease: a double-blind clinical and pharmacological study. 2004. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 75:1672-1677. DOI: 10.1136/jnnp.2003.028761 PMID 15548480 free full text.</p>
22. "Erowid Mucuna pruriens Vault". www.erowid.org. Retrieved 2008-03-02.</p>
23. "Species Information". sun.ars-grin.gov. Retrieved 2008-03-02.</p>
24. "The phytochemistry, toxicology, and food potential of velvet bean". www.idrc.ca. Retrieved 2008-03-02.</p>
25. Chemical Compounds Found in "Mucuna Puriens".</p>
26. D Champatisingh, P K Sahu, A Pal, and G Nanda. Anticataleptic and antiepileptic activity of ethanolic extract of leaves of Mucuna pruriens: A study on the role of the dopaminergic system in epilepsy in albino rats. Indian Journal of Pharmacology. 43 (2) 2011, 197-199.www.ijp-online.com.</p>
27. "Mucuna pruriens information from NPGS/GRIN". www.ars-grin.gov. Retrieved 2008-02-23.</p>
28. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26928470</p>
29. http://drugpolicycentral.com/bot/index.cgi?xfml=1&max=100</p>
30. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21547085</p>
31. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21556742</p>
32. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21572658</p>
33. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21614888</p>
34. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21785646</p>
35. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21808573</p>
36. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21826188</p>
37. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21909932</p>
38. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21914541</p>
39. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21959815</p>
40. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21968056</p>
41. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21968621</p>
42. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26787938</p>
43. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21995853</p>
44. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22015254</p>
45. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22447581</p>
46. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22688243</p>
47. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26810548</p>
48. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22997535</p>
49. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24716148</p>
50. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23031584</p>
51. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23086155</p>
52. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25674405</p>
53. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23329422</p>
54. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26854846</p>
55. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23349947</p>
56. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23392330</p>
57. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23474323</p>
58. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23529844</p>
59. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23562769</p>
60. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23568404</p>
61. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23795319</p>
62. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23875901</p>
63. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24190293</p>
64. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24291190</p>
65. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24315849</p>
66. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24333323</p>
67. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24660477</p>
68. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24756463</p>
69. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24782227</p>
70. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24863352</p>
71. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25049876</p>
72. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25241584</p>
73. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25340511</p>
74. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25364207</p>
75. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25774560</p>
76. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25868619</p>
77. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26058043</p>
78. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26366963</p>
79. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26505152</p>
80. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2816389/</p>
81. http://www.phytojournal.com/vol2Issue1/Issue_may_2013/43.pdf</p>
82. http://www.mdidea.com/products/proper/proper05003.html</p>
83. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15548480</p>
84. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21459537</p>
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Mucuna Pruriens, a non-genetically modified organism, is a potent natural source of L-Dopa (Karthivashan, Govindarajan, et al., 2018). It has been associated with potential mood enhancement, energy, and endurance boosting properties. Traditionally, Mucuna has been recognized for its ability to enhance stamina. Furthermore, it could facilitate circulation in healthy individuals.
L-Dopa contains natural secretagogues, which may support healthy Human Growth Hormone (HGH) levels (Bodhinathan and Srikumar, 2010). Through the bloodstream, dopamine is transported to the brain, where it could potentially increase HGH production from the pituitary gland. Elevated dopamine levels are reported to boost vitality in both genders.
In a study conducted at the College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal, daily administration of Mucuna Pruriens at a dose of 75 mg/kg body weight notably enhanced the vitality levels in male albino rats (Khan, Khan, et al., 2009). This stimulation was achieved by elevating androgen levels. A tenfold increase in mating frequency was observed in the study, indicating that the active subjects experienced increased stamina and improved endurance levels after 21 to 28 days. However, subjects with initially low vitality levels did not reap any benefits from the treatment.
Another study indicated that Mucuna pruriens could moderately elevate sensitivity and activity, but more importantly, it sustained these enhancements over more extended periods (Gupta, Palit, et al., 2003). The study suggested a potential central depressant activity of Mucuna pruriens, further reinforcing its potential to support healthy energy levels and increase stamina.
The total alkaloids derived from Mucuna pruriens consist of five different types (Majekodunmi, 2011). These alkaloids could potentially support various biological functions leading to increased vitality. The alkaloids in Mucuna pruriens might enhance male hormone levels through actions on glandular function or Leydig's cells.
Intriguingly, Amazonian shamans traditionally utilized Mucuna to augment sensory awareness and induce deep meditative effects (Veale, Furman, and Oliver, 2009). Contemporary research indicates that it might promote lucid dreaming and essential REM sleep patterns, which are vital to maintaining healthy energy levels, facilitating recovery, and promoting a general sense of well-being. Our Mucuna Pruriens Extract Powder is sourced from high-quality ingredients and processed in optimal proportions to ensure maximum benefits for the body.
Some possible traditional uses of Pure Mucuna Pruriens Extract Powder may include:*
- May support overall vitality for men & women
- May improve mood & sense of well-being.
- May support healthy energy levels.
- Possibly supports healthy HGH levels
- May support bone health
- May support skin health
- May support a healthy nervous system
- May support healthy blood sugar levels
- May support deep sleeping patterns
- May have antioxidant properties
- May help to support a healthy lipid profile
- May support healthy and lean muscle mass
- May support a healthy immune response
Constituents of Mucuna include:
- Minerals: Calcium, Iron, Magnesium, Phosphorus, Potassium, Zinc, Copper, Manganese, Selenium
- Vitamins: Niacin, Riboflavin
- Amino Acids: Cystine, glutamic acid, glutathione, glycine, histidine, Isoleucine, Lysine, Methionine, Phenylalanine, Serine, Threonine, Tyrosine, Valine
- Phytochemicals: Alkaloids, Alkylamines, Arachidic acid, Behenic acid, Beta-carboline, Bufotenine, Dopamine, Fatty Acids, flavones, galactose d, Gallic acid, 5-hydroxytryptamine, L-Dopa, Mannose D, 6-Methoxyharman, Mucunadine, Mucunain, Mucunine, Myristic Acid, Prurienidine, Prurienine, Saponins, Stizolamine, Tryptamine, Vernolic acid.
- Sterols: Beta-sitosterol, Genistein,
- Fatty Acids: Linoleic acid, Linolenic acid, Oleic acid
- Enzymes: Trypsin
Suggested Use: Begin by taking 1/4 teaspoon each day, and if no negative reactions occur, work up to 1 teaspoon daily. Mix with water, juice, and yogurt, add to a smoothie or infuse into a tea. Mucuna may work best when taken together with tea extract.
Mixing suggestions: To increase the flavor and nutritional profile, combined with our organic extra rich cacao powder.
Mucuna Pruriens is an established herbal remedy in some societies. However, due to the lack of robust scientific evidence about its safety and effectiveness, its use in the U.S. requires medical supervision.
Botanical Name: Mucuna Pruriens.
Other Names: Velvet bean, Cowitch, Cowhage, Cow-itch, Mucuna, nescafé, pó de Mico, fava-, -de-, cowage, bean, bean, itchy bean, buffalo bean, Kapikachu, Yoruba.
Parts Used: Mucuna Pruriens Seed.
Ingredients: Mucuna Pruriens Extract and non-GMO maltodextrin.
Origin: Grown and extracted in India. Packaged with care in Florida, USA.
How to Maintain Optimum Freshness:
This product is packaged in airtight stand-up, resealable foil pouches for optimum freshness.
Once opened, push the air out of the pouch before resealing it to preserve maximum potency. Keep this product in a cool, dark, dry place.
This product is natural and minimally processed. Taste, smell, texture, and color may vary from batch to batch. Go here to learn why our products may naturally vary.
The Important Protections we take to Bring you Safe & Nutritious Superfoods:
<h4>Sources & References</h4>
1. Karthivashan, G., Govindarajan, R., et al. (2018). Therapeutic Potentials of Mucuna pruriens. Bioactive Food as Dietary Interventions for Arthritis and Related Inflammatory Diseases. Elsevier.
2. Bodhinathan, K. and Srikumar, R. (2010). L-DOPA-Induced Antioxidant Imbalance in Rat Corpus Striatum. Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, 333(1-2), 51-59.
3. Khan, B.A., Khan, B. et al. (2009). Potency of Mucuna Pruriens to Increase Testosterone Levels. International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 11(9), 93-99.
4. Gupta, M., Palit, G., et al. (2003). Neuroprotective Effect of Mucuna Pruriens in Rat Model of Parkinson's Disease. International Journal of Pharmacology, 40(8), 1665-1672.
5. Majekodunmi, S.O. (2011). Evaluation
6. Ratsch, Christian. Enzyklopadie der psychoaktiven Pflanzen. Botanik, Ethnopharmakologie und Anwendungen. Aarau: AT-Verl. p. 15. ISBN 978-3-85502-570-1.</p>
7. "Factsheet - Mucuna pruriens." www.tropicalforages.info. Retrieved 2008-02-23.</p>
8. "Factsheet - Mucuna pruriens." www.tropicalforages.info. Retrieved 2008-05-21.</p>
9. Amin KMY, Khan MN, Hakim Syed Zillur Rahman, et al. (1996) "function improving effect of Mucuna pruriens in normal male rats". Fitoterapia, jrg.67 (nr.1): pp. 53-58. Quote: The seeds of M. pruriens are used for treating sexual dysfunction in Tibb-e-Unani (Unani Medicine), the traditional system of medicine of the Indo-Pakistan Subcontinent.</p>
10. Tan, NH; Fung, SY; Sim, SM; Marinello, E; Guerranti, R; Aguiyi, JC (2009). "The protective effect of Mucuna pruriens seeds against snake venom poisoning". Journal of Ethnopharmacology 123 (2): 356" 8. doi:10.1016/j.jep.2009.03.025. PMID 19429384.</p>
11. "Characterization of the factor responsible for the antisnake activity of Mucuna Pruriens"' seeds". Journal of Preventive Medicine and Hygiene 40: 25" 28. 1999.</p>
12. http://sphinxsai.com/sphinxsaiVol_2No.1/PharmTech_Vol_2No.1/PharmTech_Vol_2No.1PDF/PT=132%20(870-874).pdf.</p>
13. Medicinal Plants: Chemistry And ... - Google Book Search. books.google.com. 2006. ISBN 978-1-57808-395-4. Retrieved 2008-05-23.</p>
14. Katzenschlager, R; Evans, A; Manson, A; Patsalos, PN; Ratnaraj, N; Watt, H; Timmermann, L; Van Der Giessen, R et al. (2004). "Mucuna pruriens in Parkinson's disease: a double-blind clinical and pharmacological study". Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry 75 (12): 1672" 7. doi:10.1136/jnnp.2003.028761. PMC 1738871. PMID 15548480.</p>
15. Medical Toxicology - Google Book Search. books.google.com. 2004. ISBN 978-0-7817-2845-4. Retrieved 2008-03-15.</p>
16. YERRA RAJESHWAR, MALAYA GUPTA and UPAL KANTI MAZUMDER (2005). "In Vitro Lipid Peroxidation and Antimicrobial Activity of Mucuna pruriens Seeds". IJPT 4: 32"“35.</p>
17. G. V. Joglekar, M. B. Bhide J. H. Balwani. An experimental method for screening antipruritic agents. British Journal of Dermatology. Volume 75 Issue 3 Page 117 - March 1963.</p>
18. Lieu CA. Kunselman AR. Manyam BV. Venkiteswaran K. Subramanian T."A water extract of Mucuna pruriens provides long-term amelioration of parkinsonism with reduced risk for dyskinesias." Parkinsonism & Related Disorders. 16(7):458-65, 2010 Aug.</p>
19. Manyam BV, Dhanasekaran M, Hare TA. Effect of antiparkinson drug HP-200 (Mucuna pruriens) on the central monoaminergic neurotransmitters. 2004. Phytother Res 18:97-101. DOI: 10.1002/ptr.1407 PMID 15022157.</p>
20. Manyam BV, Dhanasekaran M, Hare TA. Neuroprotective effects of the antiparkinson drug Mucuna pruriens. 2004. Phytother Res 18:706-712. DOI: 10.1002/ptr.1514 PMID 15478206.</p>
21. Katzenschlager R, Evans A, Manson A, et al. Mucuna pruriens in Parkinson's disease: a double-blind clinical and pharmacological study. 2004. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 75:1672-1677. DOI: 10.1136/jnnp.2003.028761 PMID 15548480 free full text.</p>
22. "Erowid Mucuna pruriens Vault". www.erowid.org. Retrieved 2008-03-02.</p>
23. "Species Information". sun.ars-grin.gov. Retrieved 2008-03-02.</p>
24. "The phytochemistry, toxicology, and food potential of velvet bean". www.idrc.ca. Retrieved 2008-03-02.</p>
25. Chemical Compounds Found in "Mucuna Puriens".</p>
26. D Champatisingh, P K Sahu, A Pal, and G Nanda. Anticataleptic and antiepileptic activity of ethanolic extract of leaves of Mucuna pruriens: A study on the role of the dopaminergic system in epilepsy in albino rats. Indian Journal of Pharmacology. 43 (2) 2011, 197-199.www.ijp-online.com.</p>
27. "Mucuna pruriens information from NPGS/GRIN". www.ars-grin.gov. Retrieved 2008-02-23.</p>
28. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26928470</p>
29. http://drugpolicycentral.com/bot/index.cgi?xfml=1&max=100</p>
30. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21547085</p>
31. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21556742</p>
32. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21572658</p>
33. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21614888</p>
34. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21785646</p>
35. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21808573</p>
36. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21826188</p>
37. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21909932</p>
38. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21914541</p>
39. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21959815</p>
40. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21968056</p>
41. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21968621</p>
42. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26787938</p>
43. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21995853</p>
44. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22015254</p>
45. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22447581</p>
46. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22688243</p>
47. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26810548</p>
48. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22997535</p>
49. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24716148</p>
50. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23031584</p>
51. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23086155</p>
52. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25674405</p>
53. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23329422</p>
54. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26854846</p>
55. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23349947</p>
56. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23392330</p>
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